SUPPORT FOR EXPORTERS UNDER CURRENT CONDITIONS: FROM INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE

NATALIA LOBANOV
Habilitated Doctor, University Professor, Department of International Business Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
ORCID: 0000-0003-3800-9038
Email: lobanov.natalia@ase.md

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24818/cike2025.38

Pages: 309–316

📄 Download PDF

Abstract

A country’s export is the engine of its economic development, contributes to attracting investments, creating new jobs, increasing the income level of the population. Export deliveries stimulate the development of industry, promote the expansion of product sales, increase the competitiveness of enterprises, strengthen their positions on the world market. In addition, export is a source of foreign exchange earnings, thus contributing to the import of modern equipment and technologies, the development of infrastructure, which, in turn, makes it possible to achieve structural transformations of the national economy, which is also a necessity for the Republic of Moldova.

In world and European practice, various methods of supporting exporters are used. At the state level, export strategies and programs are developed, a wide range of economic and financial measures are implemented to support exporters by the state. Most countries have created organizations to support foreign economic activity, which are part of the national export support systems.

Exporter support mechanisms have been formed over a long period of time. The article examines the forms of support for export operations currently used internationally, in particular, in several European countries. It is noted that in recent decades, export support in Europe has undergone significant changes, adapting to changing economic conditions and political priorities. In general, the following trends can be identified: a shift from direct subsidies to indirect forms of support, correlated with innovation, sustainability, market diversification.

The historical and systemic approach was used, as well as the general scientific methods of logical and comparative analysis.

Keywords: export, financing, subsidies, export agency, economic diplomacy

JEL Classification: F10, F14

References

    1. Banque Mondiale, 2025. Exportations de biens et de services. [online] Available at: < https://donnees.banquemondiale.org/indicateur/NE.EXP.GNFS.CD> [Accessed 28 August 2025]
    2. BNS, 2025. Comerțul internațional cu mărfuri al Republicii Moldova în luna decembrie 2024 și în anul 2024 [online] Available at: < https://statistica.gov.md/ro/comertul-international-cu-marfuri-al-republicii-moldova-in-luna-decembrie-2024-s-9539_61660.html> [Accessed 28 August 2025]
    3. OECD, 2024. EVOLUTION OF THE ARRANGEMENT ON OFFICIALLY SUPPORTED EXPORT CREDITS. 12 September 2024. [online] Available at: < https://one.oecd.org/document/TAD/PG(2024)7/en/pdf > [Accessed 28 August 2025]
    4. WTO, 2025. Le suivi de l’OMC met en évidence une forte augmentation des droits de douane et la recherche de solutions négociées. 3 July 2025. [online] Available at: < https://www.wto.org/french/news_f/news25_f/trdev_03jul25_f.htm > [Accessed 29 August 2025]
    5. Reuters, 2021. Highlights of the 17-year Airbus, Boeing trade war. June 16, 2021. . [online] Available at: < https://www.reuters.com/world/highlights-17-year-airbus-boeing-trade-war-2021-06-15/> [Accessed 29 August 2025]
    6. UIS UNESCO, 2024. Research and Development Expenditure 2024. . [online] Available at: < https://gtmarket.ru/ratings/research-and-development-expenditure > [Accessed 29 August 2025]
    7. NATIONS UNIES, 1993. Guide juridique de la CNUDCI pour les opérations d’échanges compensés. New York. . [online] Available at: < https://uncitral.un.org/sites/uncitral.un.org/files/media-documents/uncitral/fr/countertrade-f.pdf> [Accessed 29 August 2025]
    8. COMMISSION DES AFFAIRES ÉCONOMIQUES, 2023. COMMUNICATION DU 1 ER FÉVRIER 2023 [online] Available at: <https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/contenu/visualisation/589618/file/Communication%20GT%20soutien%20%C3%A0%20l%27export > [Accessed 29 August 2025]
    9. Ondernemersplein, 2025a. Starten met export. Available at: <https://ondernemersplein.overheid.nl/internationaal-ondernemen/exporteren/starten-met-export/#art:vraag-subsidies-aan-en-gebruik-regelingen > [Accessed 1 September 2025]
    10. Netherlands Enterprise Agency, 2025 a. SIB alternative markets. Last checked on 10 June 2025. . [online] Available at: < https://english.rvo.nl/subsidies-financing/sib/alternative-markets> [Accessed 1 September 2025]
    11. Riijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland, 2025a.Onze dienstverlening bij internationaal zakendoen Laatst gecontroleerd op: 7 april 2025. Available at: < https://www.rvo.nl/onderwerpen/persoonlijk-advies-buitenland/onze-dienstverlening-bij-internationaal-zakendoen > [Accessed 1 September 2025]
    12. Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland, 2025b. Exportkredietverzekering van de Nederlandse overheid. Available at: < https://ondernemersplein.overheid.nl/exportkredietverzekering /> [Accessed  1 September 2025]
    13. Netherlands Enterprise Agency, 2025b. Eurostars subsidy scheme. Available at: <https://business.gov.nl/subsidy/eurostars-subsidy-scheme/> [Accessed 1 September 2025]
    14. Netherlands Enterprise Agency, 2025c. Dutch Good Growth Fund (DGGF). Available at: <https://business.gov.nl/subsidy/dutch-good-growth-fund-dggf/ > [Accessed  1 September 2025]
    15. Invest International, 2025.DGGF Country List. Available at: <https://investinternational.nl/what-we-do/financing/dggf-country-list/ > [Accessed 1 September 2025]
    16. Irish Exporters Association, 2025. Expert Knowledge. https://irishexporters.ie/expert-knowledge/import-export-assistance/> [Accessed  1 September 2025]
    17. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2025. Trade. Available at: <https://www.gov.ie/en/department-of-foreign-affairs/policies/trade/> [Accessed 1 September 2025]
    18. Entreprise Ireland, 2025a. Everything you need to succeed, all in one place. Available at: <https://www.enterprise-ireland.com/en/enterprise-hub> [Accessed 2 September 2025]
    19. Enterprise Ireland, 2025b. Enterprise Ireland launches new grants for exporters impacted by US tariffs. 25th August 2025. Available at: <https://www.enterprise-ireland.com/en/news/enterprise-ireland-launches-new-grants-for-exporters-impacted-by-us-tariffs> [Accessed 2 September 2025]
    20. EIS, 2025. Team Estonia. Available at: <https://eis.ee/teamestonia/> [Accessed 2 September 2025]
    21. Ekspordi strateegia 2025–2028 Available at: <https://www.koda.ee/sites/default/files/content-type/content/2025-05/EKSPORDISTRATEEGIA.pdf> [Accessed 2 September 2025]

     

     

Scroll to Top